Monday, November 2, 2026

How to type a triangle in a wrap-formed deltahedron

A triangle in a wrap-formed deltahedron can be assigned its Pankov-Tyc triangle type simply by examining the numbers on the face and on its edges.

Pankov and Tyc have shown that a unicursal (a.k.a., z-knotted) deltahedron may have up to four types of triangle faces, and that these four types determine its compatibility in forming connected sums with other unicursal deltahedra when the sum is constrained to be unicursal. In such case, all three deltahedra, the sum and the two summands, can be wrap-formed. Presented with a wrap-formed deltahedron, how can we most easily assign types to its triangles?

  
Given a triangle,
read the roadcodes of its 3 edges.
if any starts with a even number:
	the triangle is SOLO
if any two start with an odd number:
	the triangle is UNISON
		
get the triangle's STRADDLE ORIENTATION
	from any edge that starts
	with an odd number:
		when you are comfortably
		reading both numbers,
		edge's orientation is upward.
		
get the triangle's LAYER ORIENTATION
	from the 3 numbers visible on
	the triangle's face:
		by visiting them
		in increasing order
		
if both orientations agree:
	the triangle is CONCORD
else:
	the triangle is DISCORD
		
Type from this mapping:
  
	o = UNISON and CONCORD 	(M1)
	* = UNISON and DISCORD	(M2)
	+ = SOLO and DISCORD	(M3)
	- = SOLO and CONCORD	(M4)